Family of attainable geometric quantum speed limits
School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| Published: | 2025-06-17, volume 9, page 1774 |
| Editor: | Ivan Contreras |
| Eprint: | arXiv:2311.07862v3 |
| Doi: | https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-06-17-1774 |
| Citation: | Quantum 9, 1774 (2025). |
Find this paper interesting or want to discuss? Scite or leave a comment on SciRate.
Abstract
We propose a quantum state distance and develop a family of geometrical quantum speed limits (QSLs) for open and closed systems. The QSL time includes an alternative function by which we derive three QSL times with particularly chosen functions. It indicates that two QSL times are exactly the ones presented in Ref. [1] and [2], respectively, and the third one can provide a unified QSL time for both open and closed systems. The three QSL times are attainable for any given initial state in the sense that there exists a dynamics driving the initial state to evolve along the geodesic. We numerically compare the tightness of the three QSL times, which typically promises a tighter QSL time if optimizing the alternative function.
► BibTeX data
► References
[1] Francesco Campaioli, Felix A. Pollock, and Kavan Modi. ``Tight, robust, and feasible quantum speed limits for open dynamics''. Quantum 3, 168 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2019-08-05-168
[2] Zi-yi Mai and Chang-shui Yu. ``Tight and attainable quantum speed limit for open systems''. Phys. Rev. A 108, 052207 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.108.052207
[3] Sebastian Deffner and Steve Campbell. ``Quantum speed limits: from heisenberg’s uncertainty principle to optimal quantum control''. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 50, 453001 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aa86c6
[4] T. Caneva, M. Murphy, T. Calarco, R. Fazio, S. Montangero, V. Giovannetti, and G. E. Santoro. ``Optimal control at the quantum speed limit''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 240501 (2009).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.240501
[5] Ioannis Brouzos, Alexej I. Streltsov, Antonio Negretti, Ressa S. Said, Tommaso Caneva, Simone Montangero, and Tommaso Calarco. ``Quantum speed limit and optimal control of many-boson dynamics''. Phys. Rev. A 92, 062110 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.92.062110
[6] Adolfo del Campo, Marek M. Rams, and Wojciech H. Zurek. ``Assisted finite-rate adiabatic passage across a quantum critical point: Exact solution for the quantum ising model''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 115703 (2012).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.115703
[7] Gerhard C. Hegerfeldt. ``Driving at the quantum speed limit: Optimal control of a two-level system''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 260501 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.260501
[8] Michael Murphy, Simone Montangero, Vittorio Giovannetti, and Tommaso Calarco. ``Communication at the quantum speed limit along a spin chain''. Phys. Rev. A 82, 022318 (2010).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.82.022318
[9] Steve Campbell and Sebastian Deffner. ``Trade-off between speed and cost in shortcuts to adiabaticity''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 100601 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.100601
[10] Ken Funo, Jing-Ning Zhang, Cyril Chatou, Kihwan Kim, Masahito Ueda, and Adolfo del Campo. ``Universal work fluctuations during shortcuts to adiabaticity by counterdiabatic driving''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 100602 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.100602
[11] Jeffrey M. Epstein and K. Birgitta Whaley. ``Quantum speed limits for quantum-information-processing tasks''. Phys. Rev. A 95, 042314 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.95.042314
[12] Benjamin Russell and Susan Stepney. ``Zermelo navigation and a speed limit to quantum information processing''. Phys. Rev. A 90, 012303 (2014).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.90.012303
[13] Seth Lloyd. ``Ultimate physical limits to computation''. Nature 406, 1047–1054 (2000).
https://doi.org/10.1038/35023282
[14] Steve Campbell, Marco G Genoni, and Sebastian Deffner. ``Precision thermometry and the quantum speed limit''. Quantum Science and Technology 3, 025002 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/aaa641
[15] Vittorio Giovannetti, Seth Lloyd, and Lorenzo Maccone. ``Advances in quantum metrology''. Nature photonics 5, 222–229 (2011).
https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2011.35
[16] Vittorio Giovannetti, Seth Lloyd, and Lorenzo Maccone. ``Quantum metrology''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 010401 (2006).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.010401
[17] Alex W. Chin, Susana F. Huelga, and Martin B. Plenio. ``Quantum metrology in non-markovian environments''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 233601 (2012).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.233601
[18] Arpan Das, Anindita Bera, Sagnik Chakraborty, and Dariusz Chruściński. ``Thermodynamics and the quantum speed limit in the non-markovian regime''. Phys. Rev. A 104, 042202 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.104.042202
[19] L. Mandelstam and Ig. Tamm. ``The uncertainty relation between energy and time in non-relativistic quantum mechanics''. Pages 115–123. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Berlin, Heidelberg (1991).
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74626-0_8
[20] Norman Margolus and Lev B. Levitin. ``The maximum speed of dynamical evolution''. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 120, 188–195 (1998).
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2789(98)00054-2
[21] Vittorio Giovannetti, Seth Lloyd, and Lorenzo Maccone. ``The speed limit of quantum unitary evolution''. Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics 6, S807 (2004).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4266/6/8/028
[22] Lev B. Levitin and Tommaso Toffoli. ``Fundamental limit on the rate of quantum dynamics: The unified bound is tight''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 160502 (2009).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.160502
[23] K Bhattacharyya. ``Quantum decay and the mandelstam-tamm-energy inequality''. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 16, 2993 (1983).
https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/16/13/021
[24] Gordon N Fleming. ``A unitarity bound on the evolution of nonstationary states''. Il Nuovo Cimento A 16, 232–240 (1973).
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02819419
[25] Niklas Hörnedal and Ole Sönnerborn. ``Margolus-levitin quantum speed limit for an arbitrary fidelity''. Phys. Rev. Res. 5, 043234 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043234
[26] J. Anandan and Y. Aharonov. ``Geometry of quantum evolution''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 1697–1700 (1990).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.65.1697
[27] Niklas Hörnedal and Ole Sönnerborn. ``Closed systems refuting quantum-speed-limit hypotheses''. Phys. Rev. A 108, 052421 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.108.052421
[28] Gal Ness, Andrea Alberti, and Yoav Sagi. ``Quantum speed limit for states with a bounded energy spectrum''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 140403 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.140403
[29] Francesco Campaioli, Felix A. Pollock, Felix C. Binder, and Kavan Modi. ``Tightening quantum speed limits for almost all states''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 060409 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060409
[30] Niklas Hörnedal, Dan Allan, and Ole Sönnerborn. ``Extensions of the mandelstam–tamm quantum speed limit to systems in mixed states''. New Journal of Physics 24, 055004 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac688a
[31] Luis Pedro García-Pintos, Schuyler B. Nicholson, Jason R. Green, Adolfo del Campo, and Alexey V. Gorshkov. ``Unifying quantum and classical speed limits on observables''. Phys. Rev. X 12, 011038 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.12.011038
[32] Iman Marvian, Robert W. Spekkens, and Paolo Zanardi. ``Quantum speed limits, coherence, and asymmetry''. Phys. Rev. A 93, 052331 (2016).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.93.052331
[33] Sebastian Deffner and Eric Lutz. ``Energy–time uncertainty relation for driven quantum systems''. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 46, 335302 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/46/33/335302
[34] Benjamin Russell and Susan Stepney. ``A geometrical derivation of a family of quantum speed limit results'' (2014). arXiv:1410.3209.
arXiv:1410.3209
[35] Eoin O'Connor, Giacomo Guarnieri, and Steve Campbell. ``Action quantum speed limits''. Phys. Rev. A 103, 022210 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.103.022210
[36] Abbas Ektesabi, Naghi Behzadi, and Esfandyar Faizi. ``Improved bound for quantum-speed-limit time in open quantum systems by introducing an alternative fidelity''. Phys. Rev. A 95, 022115 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.95.022115
[37] Debasis Mondal, Chandan Datta, and Sk Sazim. ``Quantum coherence sets the quantum speed limit for mixed states''. Physics Letters A 380, 689–695 (2016).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2015.12.015
[38] Xiangji Cai and Yujun Zheng. ``Quantum dynamical speedup in a nonequilibrium environment''. Phys. Rev. A 95, 052104 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.95.052104
[39] Shao-xiong Wu and Chang-shui Yu. ``Quantum speed limit for a mixed initial state''. Phys. Rev. A 98, 042132 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.98.042132
[40] Ying-Jie Zhang, Wei Han, Yun-Jie Xia, Jun-Peng Cao, and Heng Fan. ``Quantum speed limit for arbitrary initial states''. Scientific reports 4, 1–6 (2014).
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04890
[41] Debasis Mondal and Arun Kumar Pati. ``Quantum speed limit for mixed states using an experimentally realizable metric''. Physics Letters A 380, 1395–1400 (2016).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2016.02.018
[42] O Andersson and H Heydari. ``Quantum speed limits and optimal hamiltonians for driven systems in mixed states''. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 47, 215301 (2014).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/47/21/215301
[43] A. del Campo, I. L. Egusquiza, M. B. Plenio, and S. F. Huelga. ``Quantum speed limits in open system dynamics''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 050403 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.050403
[44] Zhe Sun, Jing Liu, Jian Ma, and Xiaoguang Wang. ``Quantum speed limits in open systems: Non-markovian dynamics without rotating-wave approximation''. Scientific reports 5, 1–7 (2015).
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08444
[45] Shuning Sun and Yujun Zheng. ``Distinct bound of the quantum speed limit via the gauge invariant distance''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 180403 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.180403
[46] Marcin Zwierz. ``Comment on ``geometric derivation of the quantum speed limit''''. Phys. Rev. A 86, 016101 (2012).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.86.016101
[47] Vittorio Giovannetti, Seth Lloyd, and Lorenzo Maccone. ``Quantum limits to dynamical evolution''. Phys. Rev. A 67, 052109 (2003).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.67.052109
[48] Marin Bukov, Dries Sels, and Anatoli Polkovnikov. ``Geometric speed limit of accessible many-body state preparation''. Phys. Rev. X 9, 011034 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.011034
[49] Judy Kupferman and Benni Reznik. ``Entanglement and the speed of evolution in mixed states''. Phys. Rev. A 78, 042305 (2008).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.78.042305
[50] C Zander, A R Plastino, A Plastino, and M Casas. ``Entanglement and the speed of evolution of multi-partite quantum systems''. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 40, 2861 (2007).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/40/11/020
[51] Brij Mohan, Siddhartha Das, and Arun Kumar Pati. ``Quantum speed limits for information and coherence''. New Journal of Physics 24, 065003 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac753c
[52] D. Z. Rossatto, D. P. Pires, F. M. de Paula, and O. P. de Sá Neto. ``Quantum coherence and speed limit in the mean-field dicke model of superradiance''. Phys. Rev. A 102, 053716 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.102.053716
[53] A. Chenu, M. Beau, J. Cao, and A. del Campo. ``Quantum simulation of generic many-body open system dynamics using classical noise''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 140403 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.140403
[54] M. Beau, J. Kiukas, I. L. Egusquiza, and A. del Campo. ``Nonexponential quantum decay under environmental decoherence''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 130401 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.130401
[55] Yanyan Shao, Bo Liu, Mao Zhang, Haidong Yuan, and Jing Liu. ``Operational definition of a quantum speed limit''. Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 023299 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.023299
[56] Francesco Campaioli, Chang shui Yu, Felix A Pollock, and Kavan Modi. ``Resource speed limits: maximal rate of resource variation''. New Journal of Physics 24, 065001 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac7346
[57] Ken Funo, Naoto Shiraishi, and Keiji Saito. ``Speed limit for open quantum systems''. New Journal of Physics 21, 013006 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aaf9f5
[58] Michael R Frey. ``Quantum speed limits—primer, perspectives, and potential future directions''. Quantum Information Processing 15, 3919–3950 (2016).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-016-1405-x
[59] Yao Yao, GH Dong, Xing Xiao, and CP Sun. ``Frobenius-norm-based measures of quantum coherence and asymmetry''. Scientific reports 6, 32010 (2016).
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32010
[60] Sebastian Deffner and Eric Lutz. ``Quantum speed limit for non-markovian dynamics''. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 010402 (2013).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.010402
[61] Niklas Hörnedal, Nicoletta Carabba, Kazutaka Takahashi, and Adolfo del Campo. ``Geometric operator quantum speed limit, wegner hamiltonian flow and operator growth''. Quantum 7, 1055 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-07-11-1055
[62] Zi-yi Mai and Chang-shui Yu. ``Tight and attainable quantum speed limit for open systems''. Phys. Rev. A 108, 052207 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.108.052207
[63] S. Machnes, U. Sander, S. J. Glaser, P. de Fouquières, A. Gruslys, S. Schirmer, and T. Schulte-Herbrüggen. ``Comparing, optimizing, and benchmarking quantum-control algorithms in a unifying programming framework''. Phys. Rev. A 84, 022305 (2011).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.84.022305
[64] Sebastian Deffner. ``Optimal control of a qubit in an optical cavity''. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 47, 145502 (2014).
https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/47/14/145502
Cited by
[1] Xue-Bing Wang and Wei Wu, "Quantum speed limit in open quantum systems: A stochastic approach", Physical Review A 113 4, 042207 (2026).
[2] Zi-yi Mai and Chang-shui Yu, "Attainable quantum speed limit for N -dimensional quantum systems", Physical Review A 112 5, 052205 (2025).
[3] Tristán M. Osán, Yanet Alvarez, Mariela Portesi, and Pedro W. Lamberti, "Unified fidelity-based framework for quantum speed limits in open quantum systems", Physical Review A 113 2, 022443 (2026).
[4] Abhay Srivastav, Vivek Pandey, Brij Mohan, and Arun Kumar Pati, "Family of exact and inexact quantum speed limits for completely positive and trace-preserving dynamics", Physical Review A 112 5, 052204 (2025).
The above citations are from Crossref's cited-by service (last updated successfully 2026-08-09 10:38:22) and SAO/NASA ADS (last updated successfully 2026-08-08 14:42:59). The list may be incomplete as not all publishers provide suitable and complete citation data.
Could not fetch ADS cited-by data during last attempt 2026-08-09 10:38:22: Cannot retrieve data from ADS due to rate limitations.
This Paper is published in Quantum under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. Copyright remains with the original copyright holders such as the authors or their institutions.