Discrete-variable quantum key distribution with homodyne detection

Ignatius William Primaatmaja; Cassey Crystania Liang; Gong Zhang; Jing Yan Haw; Chao Wang; Charles Ci-Wen Lim

doi:10.22331/q-2022-01-03-613

Discrete-variable quantum key distribution with homodyne detection

Ignatius William Primaatmaja¹, Cassey Crystania Liang², Gong Zhang², Jing Yan Haw², Chao Wang², and Charles Ci-Wen Lim^1,2

¹Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
²Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117583, Singapore

Published:	2022-01-03, volume 6, page 613
Eprint:	arXiv:2109.00492v4
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-01-03-613
Citation:	Quantum 6, 613 (2022).

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Abstract

Most quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols can be classified as either a discrete-variable (DV) protocol or continuous-variable (CV) protocol, based on how classical information is being encoded. We propose a protocol that combines the best of both worlds – the simplicity of quantum state preparation in DV-QKD together with the cost-effective and high-bandwidth of homodyne detectors used in CV-QKD. Our proposed protocol has two highly practical features: (1) it does not require the honest parties to share the same reference phase (as required in CV-QKD) and (2) the selection of decoding basis can be performed after measurement. We also prove the security of the proposed protocol in the asymptotic limit under the assumption of collective attacks. Our simulation suggests that the protocol is suitable for secure and high-speed practical key distribution over metropolitan distances.

Popular summary

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is an emerging cryptography technology that provides provably-secure keys between two remote users. Based on the physical degrees-of-freedom used to encode and decode the secret key, QKD protocols are classified under two broad classes, i.e., discrete-variable (DV) or continuous-variable (CV). They each have their own unique advantages, in that quantum state preparation in DV-QKD protocols feature the simplicity of discrete modulation, while CV-QKD protocols enjoy the cost-effectiveness and practicality of homodyne detection. Here, we propose a protocol that combines the best of both world – the simplicity of DV-QKD source as well as the appeals of homodyne detection. Furthermore, unlike typical CV-QKD protocols, there is no need for the legitimate parties to share a common phase reference – a feature that greatly simplifies the practical implementation of the protocol. Our protocol thus paves the way towards a secure and high-speed practical key distribution over metropolitan distances.

► BibTeX data

@article{Primaatmaja2022discretevariable,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2022-01-03-613},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-01-03-613},
  title = {Discrete-variable quantum key distribution with homodyne detection},
  author = {Primaatmaja, Ignatius William and Liang, Cassey Crystania and Zhang, Gong and Haw, Jing Yan and Wang, Chao and Lim, Charles Ci-Wen},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {613},
  month = jan,
  year = {2022}
}

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