Multipartite entanglement distribution in a topological photonic network

Juan Zurita; Andrés Agustí Casado; Charles E. Creffield; Gloria Platero

doi:10.22331/q-2025-02-10-1625

Multipartite entanglement distribution in a topological photonic network

Juan Zurita^1,2, Andrés Agustí Casado¹, Charles E. Creffield², and Gloria Platero¹

¹Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (CSIC), Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
²Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain

Published:	2025-02-10, volume 9, page 1625
Editor:	Himadri Shekhar Dhar
Eprint:	arXiv:2403.15584v2
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-02-10-1625
Citation:	Quantum 9, 1625 (2025).

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Abstract

In the ongoing effort towards a scalable quantum computer, multiple technologies have been proposed. Some of them exploit topological materials to process quantum information. In this work, we propose a lattice of photonic cavities with alternating hoppings to create a modified multidomain SSH chain, that is, a sequence of topological insulators made from chains of dimers. A qubit is then coupled to each boundary. We show this system is well suited for quantum information processing because topological transfer of photons through this one-dimensional lattice can entangle any set of qubits on demand, providing a scalable quantum platform. We verify this claim evaluating entanglement measures and witnesses proving that bipartite and multipartite entanglement is produced, even in the presence of some disorder.

Featured image: (a) Qubit coupled to a silicon airhole cavity. (b) Topological cavity lattice with three domains. One qubit can be coupled to each domain interface. (c) Preparation protocol of a maximally-entangled two-qubit state between the qubits $L$ and $R$, located at the ends of the cavity lattice (purple). (d) Concurrence of the prepared state in the presence of general disorder of strength $\sigma$ for the same distance travelled using one domain (blue) or four domains (red).

Popular summary

We propose fast and robust protocols to prepare maximally entangled states between qubits coupled to a topological photonic lattice. This cavity lattice, created as a multidomain SSH model with stubs attached, can have up to two topologically protected states per boundary. This, together with the amplification provided by the domain walls, increases the protection and speed of the photonic transfer protocols possible in the model. If qubits are then coupled to the domain boundaries, these protocols can be used to prepare entangled states between them. We show how to prepare 2-qubit Bell states and 3-qubit W and GHZ states, as well as their generalization to $N$ qubits. We also test the robustness of our protocols against disorder using the corresponding entanglement measures and witnesses. Finally, we propose an experimental implementation of our model using impurities in silicon, and analyze the most important sources of decoherence.

► BibTeX data

@article{Zurita2025multipartite,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2025-02-10-1625},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-02-10-1625},
  title = {Multipartite entanglement distribution in a topological photonic network},
  author = {Zurita, Juan and Agust{\'{i}} Casado, Andr{\'{e}}s and Creffield, Charles E. and Platero, Gloria},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {1625},
  month = feb,
  year = {2025}
}

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[2] Juan Zurita, Charles E. Creffield, and Gloria Platero, "Hidden topology in flat-band topological insulators: Strong, weak, and square-root topological states", Physical Review B 111 15, 155406 (2025).

[3] Christian Di Fidio, Laura Ares, and Jan Sperling, "Quantum walks and entanglement in cavity networks", Physical Review A 110 1, 013705 (2024).

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