Inplace Access to the Surface Code Y Basis

Craig Gidney

doi:10.22331/q-2024-04-08-1310

Inplace Access to the Surface Code Y Basis

Craig Gidney

Google Quantum AI, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA

Published:	2024-04-08, volume 8, page 1310
Eprint:	arXiv:2302.07395v2
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-04-08-1310
Citation:	Quantum 8, 1310 (2024).

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Abstract

In this paper, I cut the cost of Y basis measurement and initialization in the surface code by nearly an order of magnitude. Fusing twist defects diagonally across the surface code patch reaches the Y basis in $\lfloor d/2 \rfloor + 2$ rounds, without leaving the bounding box of the patch and without reducing the code distance. I use Monte Carlo sampling to benchmark the performance of the construction under circuit noise, and to analyze the distribution of logical errors. Cheap inplace Y basis measurement reduces the cost of S gates and magic state factories, and unlocks Pauli measurement tomography of surface code qubits on space-limited hardware.

Featured image: A historical progression of defect diagrams, showing how the cost of reaching the surface code Y basis has improved dramatically over time.

Popular summary

The surface code is a leading contender for the quantum error correcting code to use in large scale quantum computers. Quantum error correction makes it hard to do some kinds of operations. Historically, it was easy to measure surface code qubits in the X and Z bases, but hard to reach the Y basis. This is a problem because common tasks, like computing an AND gate under superposition, involve touching the Y basis. Over time, the cost of reaching the surface code's Y basis has come down. This paper cuts the cost by nearly another factor of 10.

► BibTeX data

@article{Gidney2024inplaceaccessto,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2024-04-08-1310},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-04-08-1310},
  title = {Inplace {A}ccess to the {S}urface {C}ode {Y} {B}asis},
  author = {Gidney, Craig},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {1310},
  month = apr,
  year = {2024}
}

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