Non-Pauli topological stabilizer codes from twisted quantum doubles

Julio Carlos Magdalena de la Fuente1,2, Nicolas Tarantino2, and Jens Eisert2

1JARA Institute for Quantum Information, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
2Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany

Find this paper interesting or want to discuss? Scite or leave a comment on SciRate.

Abstract

It has long been known that long-ranged entangled topological phases can be exploited to protect quantum information against unwanted local errors. Indeed, conditions for intrinsic topological order are reminiscent of criteria for faithful quantum error correction. At the same time, the promise of using general topological orders for practical error correction remains largely unfulfilled to date. In this work, we significantly contribute to establishing such a connection by showing that Abelian twisted quantum double models can be used for quantum error correction. By exploiting the group cohomological data sitting at the heart of these lattice models, we transmute the terms of these Hamiltonians into full-rank, pairwise commuting operators, defining commuting stabilizers. The resulting codes are defined by non-Pauli commuting stabilizers, with local systems that can either be qubits or higher dimensional quantum systems. Thus, this work establishes a new connection between condensed matter physics and quantum information theory, and constructs tools to systematically devise new topological quantum error correcting codes beyond toric or surface code models.

► BibTeX data

► References

[1] Antonio Acín, Immanuel Bloch, Harry Buhrman, Tommaso Calarco, Christopher Eichler, Jens Eisert, Daniel Esteve, Nicolas Gisin, Steffen J Glaser, Fedor Jelezko, and et al. The quantum technologies roadmap: a european community view. New Journal of Physics, 20 (8): 080201, Aug 2018. ISSN 1367-2630. 10.1088/​1367-2630/​aad1ea.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1088/​1367-2630/​aad1ea

[2] Ruben S. Andrist, James R. Wootton, and Helmut G. Katzgraber. Error thresholds for abelian quantum double models: Increasing the bit-flip stability of topological quantum memory. Phys. Rev. A, 91: 042331, Apr 2015. 10.1103/​PhysRevA.91.042331.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevA.91.042331

[3] H. Bombin and M. A. Martin-Delgado. Topological quantum distillation. Phys. Rev. Lett., 97: 180501, Oct 2006. 10.1103/​PhysRevLett.97.180501.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevLett.97.180501

[4] H Bombin, Guillaume Duclos-Cianci, and David Poulin. Universal topological phase of two-dimensional stabilizer codes. New Journal of Physics, 14 (7): 073048, jul 2012. 10.1088/​1367-2630/​14/​7/​073048.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1088/​1367-2630/​14/​7/​073048

[5] Hector Bombin. Transversal gates and error propagation in 3d topological codes. 2018. https:/​/​arxiv.org/​abs/​1810.09575.
arXiv:1810.09575

[6] Sergey Bravyi and Barbara Terhal. A no-go theorem for a two-dimensional self-correcting quantum memory based on stabilizer codes. New Journal of Physics, 11 (4): 043029, apr 2009. 10.1088/​1367-2630/​11/​4/​043029.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1088/​1367-2630/​11/​4/​043029

[7] Benjamin J. Brown. A fault-tolerant non-clifford gate for the surface code in two dimensions. 6 (21), 2020. 10.1126/​sciadv.aay4929.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1126/​sciadv.aay4929

[8] A. R. Calderbank and Peter W. Shor. Good quantum error-correcting codes exist. Phys. Rev. A, 54: 1098–1105, Aug 1996. 10.1103/​PhysRevA.54.1098.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevA.54.1098

[9] Earl T. Campbell. Enhanced fault-tolerant quantum computing in $d$-level systems. Phys. Rev. Lett., 113: 230501, Dec 2014. 10.1103/​PhysRevLett.113.230501.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevLett.113.230501

[10] Xie Chen. Symmetry fractionalization in two dimensional topological phases. Reviews in Physics, 2: 3–18, 2017. ISSN 2405-4283. https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1016/​j.revip.2017.02.002.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1016/​j.revip.2017.02.002

[11] Xie Chen, Zheng-Cheng Gu, Zheng-Xin Liu, and Xiao-Gang Wen. Symmetry protected topological orders and the group cohomology of their symmetry group. Phys. Rev. B, 87: 155114, Apr 2013. 10.1103/​PhysRevB.87.155114.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevB.87.155114

[12] Christopher T. Chubb and Steven T. Flammia. Statistical mechanical models for quantum codes with correlated noise. 2019. https:/​/​arxiv.org/​abs/​1809.10704.
arXiv:1809.10704

[13] G Dauphinais, L Ortiz, S Varona, and M A Martin-Delgado. Quantum error correction with the semion code. New Journal of Physics, 21 (5): 053035, may 2019. 10.1088/​1367-2630/​ab1ed8. URL https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1088/​1367-2630/​ab1ed8.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1088/​1367-2630/​ab1ed8

[14] Eric Dennis, Alexei Kitaev, Andrew Landahl, and John Preskill. Topological quantum memory. Journal of Mathematical Physics, 43 (9): 4452–4505, 2002. 10.1063/​1.1499754.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1063/​1.1499754

[15] Joydip Ghosh, Austin G. Fowler, and Michael R. Geller. Surface code with decoherence: An analysis of three superconducting architectures. Phys. Rev. A, 86: 062318, Dec 2012. 10.1103/​PhysRevA.86.062318.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevA.86.062318

[16] D. Gottesman. Stabilizer codes and quantum error correction. arXiv quant-ph/​9705052, 1997.
arXiv:quant-ph/9705052

[17] Yuting Hu, Yidun Wan, and Yong-Shi Wu. Twisted quantum double model of topological phases in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. B, 87: 125114, Mar 2013. 10.1103/​PhysRevB.87.125114.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevB.87.125114

[18] Markus S. Kesselring, Fernando Pastawski, Jens Eisert, and Benjamin J. Brown. The boundaries and twist defects of the color code and their applications to topological quantum computation. Quantum, 2: 101, October 2018. ISSN 2521-327X. 10.22331/​q-2018-10-19-101.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.22331/​q-2018-10-19-101

[19] Alexei Kitaev. Anyons in an exactly solved model and beyond. Annals of Physics, 321 (1): 2–111, 2006. ISSN 0003-4916. 10.1016/​j.aop.2005.10.005. January Special Issue.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1016/​j.aop.2005.10.005

[20] A.Yu. Kitaev. Fault-tolerant quantum computation by anyons. Annals of Physics, 303 (1): 2–30, 2003. ISSN 0003-4916. 10.1016/​S0003-4916(02)00018-0.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1016/​S0003-4916(02)00018-0

[21] Emanuel Knill and Raymond Laflamme. Theory of quantum error-correcting codes. Phys. Rev. A, 55: 900–911, Feb 1997. 10.1103/​PhysRevA.55.900.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevA.55.900

[22] Aleksander Kubica, Beni Yoshida, and Fernando Pastawski. Unfolding the color code. New Journal of Physics, 17 (8): 083026, aug 2015. 10.1088/​1367-2630/​17/​8/​083026.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1088/​1367-2630/​17/​8/​083026

[23] Michael Levin and Zheng-Cheng Gu. Braiding statistics approach to symmetry-protected topological phases. Phys. Rev. B, 86: 115109, Sep 2012. 10.1103/​PhysRevB.86.115109.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevB.86.115109

[24] Michael A. Levin and Xiao-Gang Wen. String-net condensation: A physical mechanism for topological phases. Phys. Rev. B, 71: 045110, Jan 2005. 10.1103/​PhysRevB.71.045110.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevB.71.045110

[25] Daniel A. Lidar, Todd A. Brun, and Todd Brun, editors. Quantum Error Correction. Cambridge University Press, 2009. 10.1017/​cbo9781139034807.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1017/​cbo9781139034807

[26] Daniel Litinski. Magic State Distillation: Not as Costly as You Think. Quantum, 3: 205, December 2019. ISSN 2521-327X. 10.22331/​q-2019-12-02-205.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.22331/​q-2019-12-02-205

[27] X. Ni, O. Buerschaper, and M. Van den Nest. A non-commuting stabilizer formalism. J. Math. Phys., 56: 052201, 2015. 10.1063/​1.4920923.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1063/​1.4920923

[28] M. A. Nielsen and I. Chuang. Quantum computation and quantum information. Cambridge University Press, 2010.

[29] M. de Wild Propitius. Topological interactions in broken gauge theories. arXiv hep-th/​9511195, 1995. https:/​/​arxiv.org/​abs/​hep-th/​9511195.
https:/​/​arxiv.org/​abs/​hep-th/​9511195

[30] A. M. Steane. Error correcting codes in quantum theory. Phys. Rev. Lett., 77: 793–797, Jul 1996. 10.1103/​PhysRevLett.77.793.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevLett.77.793

[31] Barbara M. Terhal. Quantum error correction for quantum memories. Rev. Mod. Phys., 87: 307–346, Apr 2015. 10.1103/​RevModPhys.87.307.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​RevModPhys.87.307

[32] S. Varona and M. A. Martin-Delgado. Determination of the semion code threshold using neural decoders. Phys. Rev. A, 102: 032411, Sep 2020. 10.1103/​PhysRevA.102.032411.
https:/​/​doi.org/​10.1103/​PhysRevA.102.032411

Cited by

[1] Hao Song, Nathanan Tantivasadakarn, Wilbur Shirley, and Michael Hermele, "Fracton Self-Statistics", Physical Review Letters 132 1, 016604 (2024).

[2] Mark A. Webster, Benjamin J. Brown, and Stephen D. Bartlett, "The XP Stabiliser Formalism: a Generalisation of the Pauli Stabiliser Formalism with Arbitrary Phases", Quantum 6, 815 (2022).

[3] Andreas Bauer, "Topological error correcting processes from fixed-point path integrals", Quantum 8, 1288 (2024).

[4] Wilbur Shirley, Yu-An Chen, Arpit Dua, Tyler D. Ellison, Nathanan Tantivasadakarn, and Dominic J. Williamson, "Three-Dimensional Quantum Cellular Automata from Chiral Semion Surface Topological Order and beyond", PRX Quantum 3 3, 030326 (2022).

[5] Julio C. Magdalena de la Fuente, Jens Eisert, and Andreas Bauer, "Bulk-to-boundary anyon fusion from microscopic models", Journal of Mathematical Physics 64 11, 111904 (2023).

[6] Tyler D. Ellison, Yu-An Chen, Arpit Dua, Wilbur Shirley, Nathanan Tantivasadakarn, and Dominic J. Williamson, "Pauli Stabilizer Models of Twisted Quantum Doubles", PRX Quantum 3 1, 010353 (2022).

[7] Andreas Bauer, "Low-overhead non-Clifford topological fault-tolerant circuits for all non-chiral abelian topological phases", arXiv:2403.12119, (2024).

[8] S. Varona and M. A. Martin-Delgado, "Determination of the semion code threshold using neural decoders", Physical Review A 102 3, 032411 (2020).

The above citations are from Crossref's cited-by service (last updated successfully 2024-05-15 09:13:10) and SAO/NASA ADS (last updated successfully 2024-05-15 09:13:11). The list may be incomplete as not all publishers provide suitable and complete citation data.