Thermodynamics of ultrastrongly coupled light-matter systems

Philipp Pilar; Daniele De Bernardis; Peter Rabl

doi:10.22331/q-2020-09-28-335

Thermodynamics of ultrastrongly coupled light-matter systems

Philipp Pilar, Daniele De Bernardis, and Peter Rabl

Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria

Published:	2020-09-28, volume 4, page 335
Eprint:	arXiv:2003.11556v5
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2020-09-28-335
Citation:	Quantum 4, 335 (2020).

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Abstract

We study the thermodynamic properties of a system of two-level dipoles that are coupled ultrastrongly to a single cavity mode. By using exact numerical and approximate analytical methods, we evaluate the free energy of this system at arbitrary interaction strengths and discuss strong-coupling modifications of derivative quantities such as the specific heat or the electric susceptibility. From this analysis we identify the lowest-order cavity-induced corrections to those quantities in the collective ultrastrong coupling regime and show that for even stronger interactions the presence of a single cavity mode can strongly modify extensive thermodynamic quantities of a large ensemble of dipoles. In this non-perturbative coupling regime we also observe a significant shift of the ferroelectric phase transition temperature and a characteristic broadening and collapse of the black-body spectrum of the cavity mode. Apart from a purely fundamental interest, these general insights will be important for identifying potential applications of ultrastrong-coupling effects, for example, in the field of quantum chemistry or for realizing quantum thermal machines.

► BibTeX data

@article{Pilar2020thermodynamicsof,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2020-09-28-335},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2020-09-28-335},
  title = {Thermodynamics of ultrastrongly coupled light-matter systems},
  author = {Pilar, Philipp and De Bernardis, Daniele and Rabl, Peter},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {335},
  month = sep,
  year = {2020}
}

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