Time-dependent Hamiltonian simulation with $L^1$-norm scaling

Dominic W. Berry1, Andrew M. Childs2,3, Yuan Su2,3, Xin Wang3,4, and Nathan Wiebe5,6,7

1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
2Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
3Institute for Advanced Computer Studies and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
4Institute for Quantum Computing, Baidu Research, Beijing 100193, China
5Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
6Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
7Google Inc., Venice, CA 90291, USA

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Abstract

The difficulty of simulating quantum dynamics depends on the norm of the Hamiltonian. When the Hamiltonian varies with time, the simulation complexity should only depend on this quantity instantaneously. We develop quantum simulation algorithms that exploit this intuition. For sparse Hamiltonian simulation, the gate complexity scales with the $L^1$ norm $\int_{0}^{t}\mathrm{d}\tau\lVert{H(\tau)}\rVert_{\max}$, whereas the best previous results scale with $t\max_{\tau\in[0,t]}\lVert{H(\tau)}\rVert_{\max}$. We also show analogous results for Hamiltonians that are linear combinations of unitaries. Our approaches thus provide an improvement over previous simulation algorithms that can be substantial when the Hamiltonian varies significantly. We introduce two new techniques: a classical sampler of time-dependent Hamiltonians and a rescaling principle for the Schrödinger equation. The rescaled Dyson-series algorithm is nearly optimal with respect to all parameters of interest, whereas the sampling-based approach is easier to realize for near-term simulation. These algorithms could potentially be applied to semi-classical simulations of scattering processes in quantum chemistry.

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The above citations are from Crossref's cited-by service (last updated successfully 2024-03-29 07:36:00) and SAO/NASA ADS (last updated successfully 2024-03-29 07:36:01). The list may be incomplete as not all publishers provide suitable and complete citation data.