Probing the non-classicality of temporal correlations

Martin Ringbauer; Rafael Chaves

doi:10.22331/q-2017-11-25-35

Probing the non-classicality of temporal correlations

Martin Ringbauer^1,2,3 and Rafael Chaves⁴

¹Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
²Centre for Quantum Computer and Communication Technology, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
³Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
⁴International Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59070-405 Natal, Brazil

Published:	2017-11-25, volume 1, page 35
Eprint:	arXiv:1704.05469v2
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2017-11-25-35
Citation:	Quantum 1, 35 (2017).

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Abstract

Correlations between spacelike separated measurements on entangled quantum systems are stronger than any classical correlations and are at the heart of numerous quantum technologies. In practice, however, spacelike separation is often not guaranteed and we typically face situations where measurements have an underlying time order. Here we aim to provide a fair comparison of classical and quantum models of temporal correlations on a single particle, as well as timelike-separated correlations on multiple particles. We use a causal modeling approach to show, in theory and experiment, that quantum correlations outperform their classical counterpart when allowed equal, but limited communication resources. This provides a clearer picture of the role of quantum correlations in timelike separated scenarios, which play an important role in foundational and practical aspects of quantum information processing.

Popular summary

Explaining observations in terms of cause and effect is central to all of empirical science. Yet, the correlations between measurements on remote parts of entangled quantum systems can be stronger than any classical notion of cause and effect can explain. In practice, moreover, we typically face situations where communication between the measurements cannot be excluded, and with enough communication a cause-and-effect explanation would become possible. Here, we aim provide a fair comparison of classical and quantum resources and find that even with limited communication, quantum correlations still outperform their classical counterpart. These results contribute to our understanding of the non-classical nature of quantum correlations, which power a wide range of today's quantum technologies, and might thus be important for future quantum information processing applications.

► BibTeX data

@article{Ringbauer2017probingnon,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2017-11-25-35},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2017-11-25-35},
  title = {Probing the non-classicality of temporal correlations},
  author = {Ringbauer, Martin and Chaves, Rafael},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {35},
  month = nov,
  year = {2017}
}

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[3] R. V. Nery, M. M. Taddei, R. Chaves, and L. Aolita, "Quantum Steering Beyond Instrumental Causal Networks", Physical Review Letters 120 14, 140408 (2018).

[4] Philip Taranto, "Memory effects in quantum processes", International Journal of Quantum Information 18 02, 1941002 (2020).

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[6] Lucas B. Vieira and Costantino Budroni, "Temporal correlations in the simplest measurement sequences", Quantum 6, 623 (2022).

[7] Rafael Chaves, Gonzalo Carvacho, Iris Agresti, Valerio Di Giulio, Leandro Aolita, Sandro Giacomini, and Fabio Sciarrino, "Quantum violation of an instrumental test", Nature Physics 14 3, 291 (2018).

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[10] Martin Ringbauer, Fabio Costa, Michael E. Goggin, Andrew G. White, and Alessandro Fedrizzi, "Multi-time quantum correlations with no spatial analog", npj Quantum Information 4 1, 37 (2018).

[11] Yu Guo, Philip Taranto, Bi-Heng Liu, Xiao-Min Hu, Yun-Feng Huang, Chuan-Feng Li, and Guang-Can Guo, "Experimental Demonstration of Instrument-Specific Quantum Memory Effects and Non-Markovian Process Recovery for Common-Cause Processes", Physical Review Letters 126 23, 230401 (2021).

[12] Giuseppe Vitagliano and Costantino Budroni, "Leggett-Garg macrorealism and temporal correlations", Physical Review A 107 4, 040101 (2023).

[13] Fabio Costa, Martin Ringbauer, Michael E. Goggin, Andrew G. White, and Alessandro Fedrizzi, "Unifying framework for spatial and temporal quantum correlations", Physical Review A 98 1, 012328 (2018).

[14] Zhen-Peng Xu and Adán Cabello, "Quantum correlations with a gap between the sequential and spatial cases", Physical Review A 96 1, 012122 (2017).

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