Hitting statistics from quantum jumps

A. Chia; T. Paterek; L. C. Kwek

doi:10.22331/q-2017-07-21-19

Hitting statistics from quantum jumps

A. Chia¹, T. Paterek^2,3, and L. C. Kwek^1,3,4,5

¹Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore
²Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
³Majulab, CNRS-UNS-NUS-NTU International Joint Research Unit, UMI 3654, Singapore
⁴Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
⁵National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Published:	2017-07-21, volume 1, page 19
Eprint:	arXiv:1608.05510v4
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2017-07-21-19
Citation:	Quantum 1, 19 (2017).

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Abstract

We define the hitting time for a model of continuous-time open quantum walks in terms of quantum jumps. Our starting point is a master equation in Lindblad form, which can be taken as the quantum analogue of the rate equation for a classical continuous-time Markov chain. The quantum jump method is well known in the quantum optics community and has also been applied to simulate open quantum walks in discrete time. This method however, is well-suited to continuous-time problems. It is shown here that a continuous-time hitting problem is amenable to analysis via quantum jumps: The hitting time can be defined as the time of the first jump. Using this fact, we derive the distribution of hitting times and explicit exressions for its statistical moments. Simple examples are considered to illustrate the final results. We then show that the hitting statistics obtained via quantum jumps is consistent with a previous definition for a measured walk in discrete time [Phys. Rev. A 73, 032341 (2006)] (when generalised to allow for non-unitary evolution and in the limit of small time steps). A caveat of the quantum-jump approach is that it relies on the final state (the state which we want to hit) to share only incoherent edges with other vertices in the graph. We propose a simple remedy to restore the applicability of quantum jumps when this is not the case and show that the hitting-time statistics will again converge to that obtained from the measured discrete walk in appropriate limits.

► BibTeX data

@article{Chia2017hittingstatistics,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2017-07-21-19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2017-07-21-19},
  title = {Hitting statistics from quantum jumps},
  author = {Chia, A. and Paterek, T. and Kwek, L. C.},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {19},
  month = jul,
  year = {2017}
}

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