Non-Markovianity in High-Dimensional Open Quantum Systems using Next-generation Multicore Optical Fibers

Santiago Rojas-Rojas; Daniel Martínez; Kei Sawada; Luciano Pereira; Stephen P. Walborn; Esteban S. Gómez; Nadja K. Bernardes; Gustavo Lima

doi:10.22331/q-2024-08-12-1436

Non-Markovianity in High-Dimensional Open Quantum Systems using Next-generation Multicore Optical Fibers

Santiago Rojas-Rojas^1,2, Daniel Martínez^1,2,3,4, Kei Sawada^1,2, Luciano Pereira⁵, Stephen P. Walborn^1,2, Esteban S. Gómez^1,2, Nadja K. Bernardes⁶, and Gustavo Lima^1,2

¹Departamento de Física, Universidad de Concepción, casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
²Millennium Institute for Research in Optics, Universidad de Concepción, casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
³University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), 1090 Vienna, Austria
⁴Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photonic Quantum Computer, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
⁵Instituto de Física Fundamental IFF-CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b, Madrid 28006, España
⁶Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil

Published:	2024-08-12, volume 8, page 1436
Eprint:	arXiv:2308.00094v4
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-08-12-1436
Citation:	Quantum 8, 1436 (2024).

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Abstract

With the advent of quantum technology, the interest in communication tasks assisted by quantum systems has increased both in academia and industry. Nonetheless, the transmission of a quantum state in real-world scenarios is bounded by environmental noise, so that the quantum channel is an open quantum system. In this work, we study a high-dimensional open quantum system in a multicore optical fiber by characterizing the environmental interaction as quantum operations corresponding to probabilistic phase-flips. The experimental platform is currently state-of-the-art for quantum information processing with multicore fibers. At a given evolution stage we observe a non-Markovian behaviour of the system, which is demonstrated through a proof-of-principle implementation of the Quantum Vault protocol. A better understanding of phase-noise in multicore fibers will improve several real-world communication protocols, since they are a prime candidate to be adopted in future telecom networks.

Featured image: At the input stage, Alice stores a message as an image whose pixels have one of the base colors. As the system evolves, the distinguishability between different state pairs in the basis decreases, which is reflected by a decrease in the REC. At $t=1-p_{\rm min}$, the capacity is minimal, rendering the message of the image unreadable. Non-Markovian dynamics in the final stage of the evolution leads to an increase in distinguishability, allowing Alice to retrieve her information even if the final state of each pixel is different from its initial state (colors are swapped in the retrieved image).

Popular summary

One new strategy for increasing fiber information capacity is the space-division multiplexing technique based on Multicore Fibers (MCFs). In this case, more information is sent through the fiber by exploiting the extra cores contained in its cladding. MCFs have allowed transmission rates up to 305 Tb/s, setting a new benchmark for ultrahigh transmission capabilities.

In real large-scale networks, optical fibers are exposed to perturbations induced by environmental noise. As a result, information loss happens according to the Markov hypothesis behind noise processes.

In this work, we introduce a new model to characterize the phase-noise of multicore optical fibers. In our model, the environmental interaction is treated as quantum operations corresponding to probabilistic phase-flips acting on quantum systems transmitted over the fiber. The types of phase flips considered in the model can readily be changed moving from simplified scenarios to unrestricted ones.

Our model is also a tool to identify scenarios leading to Non-markovian processes occurring in these fibers, as we demonstrate experimentally. Non-markovianity has been identified as a new resource for the protection and processing of information, thus we also study conditions that could lead to improved channel performance.

► BibTeX data

@article{RojasRojas2024nonmarkovianityin,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2024-08-12-1436},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-08-12-1436},
  title = {Non-{M}arkovianity in {H}igh-{D}imensional {O}pen {Q}uantum {S}ystems using {N}ext-generation {M}ulticore {O}ptical {F}ibers},
  author = {Rojas-Rojas, Santiago and Mart{\'{i}}nez, Daniel and Sawada, Kei and Pereira, Luciano and Walborn, Stephen P. and G{\'{o}}mez, Esteban S. and Bernardes, Nadja K. and Lima, Gustavo},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {1436},
  month = aug,
  year = {2024}
}

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