BROTOCs and Quantum Information Scrambling at Finite Temperature

Namit Anand; Paolo Zanardi

doi:10.22331/q-2022-06-27-746

BROTOCs and Quantum Information Scrambling at Finite Temperature

Namit Anand and Paolo Zanardi

Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Quantum Information Science and Technology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0484, USA

Published:	2022-06-27, volume 6, page 746
Eprint:	arXiv:2111.07086v2
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-06-27-746
Citation:	Quantum 6, 746 (2022).

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Abstract

Out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) have been extensively studied in recent years as a diagnostic of quantum information scrambling. In this paper, we study quantum information-theoretic aspects of the regularized finite-temperature OTOC. We introduce analytical results for the bipartite regularized OTOC (BROTOC): the regularized OTOC averaged over random unitaries supported over a bipartition. We show that the BROTOC has several interesting properties, for example, it quantifies the purity of the associated thermofield double state and the operator purity of the analytically continued time-evolution operator. At infinite-temperature, it reduces to one minus the operator entanglement of the time-evolution operator. In the zero-temperature limit and for nondegenerate Hamiltonians, the BROTOC probes the groundstate entanglement. By computing long-time averages, we show that the equilibration value of the BROTOC is intimately related to eigenstate entanglement. Finally, we numerically study the equilibration value of the BROTOC for various physically relevant Hamiltonian models and comment on its ability to distinguish integrable and chaotic dynamics.

Featured image: The long-time average of the BROTOC at infinite temperature can distinguish integrable and chaotic models. The scaling exponent for the chaotic case is exactly twice that of integrable models.

Note: This work was first published on 2022-06-23 as Quantum 6, 744 (2022) with DOI https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-06-23-744. Due to a combination of human error and a technical issue, page number 744 was subsequently assigned to https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-06-27-744 and this paper had to be re-published as Quantum 6, 746 (2022) on 2022-06-27.

► BibTeX data

@article{Anand2022brotocsquantum,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2022-06-27-746},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-06-27-746},
  title = {{BROTOC}s and {Q}uantum {I}nformation {S}crambling at {F}inite {T}emperature},
  author = {Anand, Namit and Zanardi, Paolo},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {746},
  month = jun,
  year = {2022}
}

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