Quantum simulation in the semi-classical regime

Shi Jin; Xiantao Li; Nana Liu

doi:10.22331/q-2022-06-17-739

Quantum simulation in the semi-classical regime

Shi Jin¹, Xiantao Li², and Nana Liu³

¹School of Mathematical Sciences, Institute of Natural Sciences, MOE-LSEC and SHL-MAC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
²Department of Mathematics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
³Institute of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, MOE-LSEC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

Published:	2022-06-17, volume 6, page 739
Eprint:	arXiv:2112.13279v3
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-06-17-739
Citation:	Quantum 6, 739 (2022).

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Abstract

Solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation is an important application area for quantum algorithms. We consider Schrödinger's equation in the semi-classical regime. Here the solutions exhibit strong multiple-scale behavior due to a small parameter $\hbar$, in the sense that the dynamics of the quantum states and the induced observables can occur on different spatial and temporal scales. Such a Schrödinger equation finds many applications, including in Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics and Ehrenfest dynamics. This paper considers quantum analogues of pseudo-spectral (PS) methods on classical computers. Estimates on the gate counts in terms of $\hbar$ and the precision $\varepsilon$ are obtained. It is found that the number of required qubits, $m$, scales only logarithmically with respect to $\hbar$. When the solution has bounded derivatives up to order $\ell$, the symmetric Trotting method has gate complexity $\mathcal{O}\Big({ (\varepsilon \hbar)^{-\frac12} \mathrm{polylog}(\varepsilon^{-\frac{3}{2\ell}} \hbar^{-1-\frac{1}{2\ell}})}\Big),$ provided that the diagonal unitary operators in the pseudo-spectral methods can be implemented with $\mathrm{poly}(m)$ operations. When physical observables are the desired outcomes, however, the step size in the time integration can be chosen independently of $\hbar$. The gate complexity in this case is reduced to $\mathcal{O}\Big({\varepsilon^{-\frac12} \mathrm{polylog}( \varepsilon^{-\frac3{2\ell}} \hbar^{-1} )}\Big),$ with $\ell$ again indicating the smoothness of the solution.

► BibTeX data

@article{Jin2022quantumsimulationin,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2022-06-17-739},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-06-17-739},
  title = {Quantum simulation in the semi-classical regime},
  author = {Jin, Shi and Li, Xiantao and Liu, Nana},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {739},
  month = jun,
  year = {2022}
}

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Cited by

[1] Moody T Chu, "Lax dynamics for Cartan decomposition with applications to Hamiltonian simulation", IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis drad018 (2023).

[2] Shi Jin, Nana Liu, and Yue Yu, "Time complexity analysis of quantum algorithms via linear representations for nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations", Journal of Computational Physics 487, 112149 (2023).

[3] Andrew M. Childs, Jiaqi Leng, Tongyang Li, Jin-Peng Liu, and Chenyi Zhang, "Quantum simulation of real-space dynamics", Quantum 6, 860 (2022).

[4] Yonah Borns-Weil and Di Fang, "Uniform observable error bounds of Trotter formulae for the semiclassical Schrödinger equation", arXiv:2208.07957, (2022).

The above citations are from Crossref's cited-by service (last updated successfully 2023-06-05 12:01:56) and SAO/NASA ADS (last updated successfully 2023-06-05 12:01:57). The list may be incomplete as not all publishers provide suitable and complete citation data.

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